Please use the template provided in the BB to complete your work. Be sure to delete all instructions found in that template. Use the subheadings to guide your entries. Review and make sure you submit the correct version and not a rough draft of the proposal. 
Second,  you should review and gather data from your submissions in all your  assignments to develop your proposal. I request you paraphrase,  self-cite, or summarize your previous entries to make those connections work together as one cohesive research proposal. Be sure to review feedback provided to you in week six to make those adjustments to this iteration of your submission. 
Third, I request that you do not use verbatim entries (exact words from your previous work). If you decide to use any of your previous work, you can self-cite no more
than five times (5) times outside of the literature review 
(instructions request you cut and paste with any noted changes from 
feedback). This is the standard practice I am applying in  this course. 
Last, you are expected to use citations to support your assertions throughout the paper. Be sure to comply with the page limit (3 to 4 pages). Please do not go beyond this, as it will affect the grade. 
Although not required in the policy above, in rare instances, you may  need to or want to cite your unpublished Walden coursework.
If you cite or quote your previous work, treat yourself as the author  and your own written document as the source. For example, if Marie  Briggs wanted to cite a paper she wrote at Walden in 2022, her citation  might look like this:
Briggs (2022) asserted that previous literature on the psychology of  tightrope walkers was faulty in that it “presumed that risk-taking  behaviors align neatly with certain personality traits or disorders” (p.  4).
And in the reference list:
Briggs, M. (2022). An analysis of personality theory [Unpublished manuscript]. Walden University.
Review and gather content from previous Assignments and Discussions  that includes elements of your research proposal. You should have  significant material for your problem statement, research question,  literature review, and methodological approach.
Revise these previous course submissions based on any feedback you have received.
Download the Research Proposal Template and review the guidance  found within the document. Use this template for the Assignment. 
You may wish to consult the Writing Toolbox in the left navigation  of your classroom for additional resources relevant to writing your  research proposal.
Write an introduction and refine and connect the various sections so that they work together as a cohesive research proposal
Resources:
•
Sankaré, I. C., Bross, R., Brown, A. F., del Pino, H. E., Jones, L. F., Morris, D. M.,
Porter, C., Lucas, W. A., Vargas, R., Forge, N., Norris, K. C., & Kahn, K. L. (2015).
Strategies to build trust and recruit African American and Latino community residents for
health research: A cohort study
Links to an external site.. CTS: Clinical & Translational Science, 8(5), 412–420.
https://doi.org/10.1111/cts.12273
Gordon, B. G. (2020). Vulnerability in research: Basic ethical concepts and general approach to
review
• Links to an external site.. The Ochsner Journal, 20(1), 34–38.
https://doi.org/10.31486/toj.19.0079
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Human Research Protections.
(2018, January 15). The Belmont report: Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of
human subjects of research
• Links to an external site.. https://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/regulations-and-policy/belmontreport/read-the-belmont-report/index.html
• Walden University Office of Research and Doctoral Services. (n.d.). Red flag issues that
should trigger a research ethics consultation with the Institutional Review Board Links to an
external site.. https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/research-center/research-ethics/red-flags
We focused on sample selection and its relationship to good research. Key terms relating to
sampling were defined. Representativeness and size were identified
as the two criteria most frequently used in evaluating the quality of a sample, at least in
predominantly quantitative studies. Sampling methods are characterized as either probability or
nonprobability, depending on whether it is possible to calculate the probability that an individual
person or object will be selected to become a case within the research sample. Random samples are
often regarded as superior to non-random ones because they are more likely to be representative of
the population from which they are selected and they allow for the use of certain types of statistical
analyses.
Four types of probability sampling were described in this chapter: simple random sampling,
systematic random sampling, cluster sampling, and proportionate and disproportionate stratified
random sampling.
For some research studies, probability samples may be neither feasible nor desir- able. In some
qualitative studies, for example, nonprobability sampling methods may yield samples that are
exactly what is needed. Four common nonprobability sampling methods were described:
convenience sampling, purposive sampling, snowball sampling, and quota sampling.
Finally, we discussed four major issues that the researcher needs to consider when deciding which
sampling method to use and how large a sample is needed. They are (1) available resources for
securing the sample, (2) the overall design and pur- pose of the study, (3) the type of statistical
analysis (if any) that will be used, and (4) the importance of sample representativeness to the
research.
1
Research Proposal
Student Name
Walden University
SOCW 6301: Social Work Practice Research I
Instructor Name
Month XX, 202X
2
Research Proposal Part 1 (3 to 4 pages)
Introduction
Write 1 paragraph introducing the general research topic and relevant background. This
section should essentially set up the proposal broadly before you narrow down to the research
problem.
Problem Statement
In 1 paragraph, describe the specific problem on which your research will focus. What
exactly is the social work research problem, and why is it important? Why is it deserving of
further study? Use your writing from the Week 4 Discussion to generate material for this section.
Research Question
State the research question you have generated and refined. This question should align
with the problem identified in the problem statement.
Literature Review
Paste the 2-page literature review here that you wrote for your Week 6 Assignment. Be
sure to revise and edit it based on your Instructor’s feedback and on any new information you
have found.
Methodological Approach
Write 2 to 3 paragraphs describing and justifying the methodological approach you
propose for the research study. Will your study be quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods,
and why? Use your Week 8 Discussion to generate material for this section.
3
Research Proposal Part II (2 to 3 pages)
Sampling and Sampling Method
In 1 to 2 paragraphs, identify and justify the population, sample, and sampling technique
that would best address your research question and methodological approach. Use your Week 9
Discussion to generate material for this section.
Data Collection
Write 1 paragraph about how you will collect data for your study. Will you use
interviews, case studies, surveys or questionnaires, or something else? Explain your choices. Use
your Week 10 Discussion to generate material for this section.
Ethics and Cultural Considerations
In 1 to 2 paragraphs, address any ethical and cultural issues you will take into account in
your study. Think about the NASW Code of Ethics, principles of culturally competent research,
and protections for human subjects. What ethical and/or cultural issues need to be considered?
How will you address those issues in your study?
Discussion
Write 1 paragraph discussing potential results. If you were to conduct the study, what
would you expect the results to show? What would you do if the data didn’t align with your
expectations?
Reflection
Write 1 paragraph reflecting on your learning and growth throughout the process of
developing a research proposal. What did you learn about social work research through this
process?
4
References
(Include full references here for any sources that you have cited within the research proposal.
Note that the following references are intended as examples only.)
American Counseling Association. (n.d.). About us. https://www.counseling.org/about-us/aboutaca
Anderson, M. (2018). Getting consistent with consequences. Educational Leadership, 76(1), 2633.
Bach, D., & Blake, D. J. (2016). Frame or get framed: The critical role of issue framing in
nonmarket management. California Management Review, 58(3), 66-87.
https://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2016.58.3.66
Burgess, R. (2019). Rethinking global health: Frameworks of Power. Routledge.
Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival
times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24(2), 225–229.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225
Johnson, P. (2003). Art: A new history. HarperCollins. https://doi.org/10.1037.0000136-000
Lindley, L. C., & Slayter, E. M. (2018). Prior trauma exposure and serious illness at end of life:
A national study of children in the U.S. foster care system from 2005 to 2015. Journal of
Pain and Symptom Management, 56(3), 309–317.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2018.06.001
Osman, M. A. (2016, December 15). 5 do’s and don’ts for staying motivated. Mayo Clinic.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/5-dos-and-donts-forstaying-motivated/art-20270835
5
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2016). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (7th ed.).
Wiley.
Walden University Library. (n.d.). Anatomy of a research article [Video].
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/library/instructionalmedia/tutorials#s-lg-box7955524
Walden University Writing Center. (n.d.). Writing literature reviews in your graduate
coursework [Webinar].
https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/webinars/graduate#s-lg-box-18447417
World Health Organization. (2018, March). Questions and answers on immunization and vaccine
safety. https://www.who.int/features/qa/84/en/
1
Annotated Bibliography
DeRon Shepherd
MSW, Walden University
SOCW: 6301
Dr. Janella Melius
March 31, 2024
2
Annotated Bibliography
I. The Impact of Screen Time on Toddlers
Reference: Dikkala et al. (2022)
A. Background
– Increased negative impact from on-screen media exposure.
B. Study Aim and Methodology
– Evaluation of screen exposure on toddlers aged 9-36 months.
C. Key Findings
– 53% of toddlers with more than 4 hours of screen time per day were at high risk for
developing Autism.
D. Conclusion
– Toddlers with high-screen media use develop autistic-like traits that may progress to
Autism.
– It is important to educate parents about the hazardous effects of early screen exposure.
II. Sensory Sensitivities Impacting Transition to Adulthood in ASD
Reference: Hantman, Johnston, & Tager-Flusberg (2022)
A. Background
– Sensory sensitivities are common in ASD.
B. Study Aim and Methodology
– Qualitative analysis of interviews with 66 parents of autistic adolescents and young
adults.
C. Key Findings
3
– Sensory sensitivities impacted the transition to adulthood in several areas:
developmentally, psychologically, interpersonally, socially, and managerially.
D. Conclusion
– Transition planning should consider an individual’s specific sensory sensitivities to
optimize independence.
III. Internet Addiction and Postpartum Depression
Reference: Stan, Elkan, Papuc, Voinescu, & Ciubara (2022)
A. Background
– Global spread of internet addiction across all age and social groups.
B. Impact on Postpartum Depression
– Postpartum depression is magnified in situations of isolation.
– The spectrum of postpartum depression extends up to demissive behavior, including the
abandonment of jobs, careers, families, and friends.
C. Conclusion
– The journey from denial to awareness and reconciliation can be traversed with
specialized help focused on the mother who wants to manage her past in a new setting.
IV. Mental Development in Children with Autistic Disorders
Reference: Bazyma, Zalanovska, Brushnevska, Ivanenko, Shulzhenko, & Shvaliuk (2021)
A. Background
– The challenges in mental development for children with autistic disorders.
B. Key Findings
– Specific problems related to the mental development of children with autistic disorders
are discussed.
4
C. Conclusion
– A deeper understanding of the mental development challenges in children with autistic
disorders is essential for early intervention and support.
5
References
Bazyma, N., Zalanovska, L., Brushnevska, I., Ivanenko, A., Shulzhenko, D., & Shvaliuk, T.
(2021). The Problem of Mental Development in Children with Autistic
Disorders. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 12(4),
297-313.
Dikkala, V. P., Murthy, P. S., Prasad, R. V., Sharma, V., & Chaudhury, S. (2022). Amount of
screen time and occurrence of autistic-like symptoms in toddlers in a tertiary care
hospital. Medical Journal of Dr. DY Patil University, 15(4), 538-543.
Hantman, R. M., Johnston, E. B., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2022). Parental perspectives: How
sensory sensitivities impact the transition to adulthood in adolescents and young adults
with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1-19.
Stan, B. C., Elkan, E. M., Papuc, A. M., Voinescu, D. C., & Ciubara, A. (2022). Internet
Addiction and the Postpartum Depression in Pandemic. BRAIN. Broad Research in
Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 13(1), 239-245.
1
Autism Spectrum Disorder
DeRon T Shepherd
MSW, Walden University
COURSE SOCW-6301
Social Work Practice Research I
Dr. Melius
Week 6
April 7, 2024
2
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Introduction
Autism Spectrum Disorder is a neurodevelopmental illness described by enduring
communication and interaction gaps and repetitive behavioral patterns. ASD patients display
environmental sensitivities and experience challenges in coordinating movement. Major
developmental changes and transitions characterize the adolescence and young adult stages. This
condition presents unique complications, which could cause more problems for the present
challenges and affect future results. Therefore, it is essential to understand these issues during
these stages in life to offer sufficient care for a positive transition and help promote
independence. The following literature review intends to investigate the existing studies on the
developmental challenges experienced by ASD patients during the adolescent and young adult
transitional stages.
Literature Review
The study by Hantman et al. (2020) explores the effects of sensory sensitivities on
adolescents and young adults during their transition to adulthood from the parents’ perspectives.
While guardians advocate for the children and offer the support needed to navigate adulthood
difficulties, sensory complications hinder the overall outcomes and interactions in areas like
access to education and employment. According to the study, ASD impacts the capacity to cope
with different issues arising within the environment, sensory instabilities, and social
circumstances. The article, therefore, addresses the need to include such sensitivity awareness
when planning transition interventions for ASD patients. The authors recommend applying
strategies such as sensory therapy, accommodation, and environment enhancement for effective
3
management of the patient’s complications. However, the research was limited to one parental
response. The study should have considered the perspectives of other caregivers, including the
patient’s therapists.
Bazyma et al. (2022) gathered insights on the need for a better environment to nurture
personality development in ASD children effectively. Personality development defines
individual social skills, adaptive functioning, self-concept, and emotional development.
According to the article, parents must provide their ASD children with supportive surroundings
to nurture social competence, emotional health, and self-awareness. The application of
interventions such as training on social skills, individual therapy, and behavior programs would
help to motivate positive health results. Additionally, there is a need for parents to collaborate
with therapists and educators, among other professionals, in the development of inclusive
psychological programs.
According to Bazyma et al. (2021), mental development is naturally complex, especially
for children suffering from Autistic Disorder; hence, the purpose of the study is to investigate the
challenges involved. Mental development involves behavioral, cognitive, and emotional
processes, and these are responsible for the acquisition of abilities, knowledge, language, and
skills. According to the authors, influences from communication problems, social damage, and
sensory sensitivities negatively impact a child’s interactions, ability to learn, and effective
emotional regulation. Therefore, it is essential for parents and caregivers to identify their needs
and make evidence-based interventions for mental development early. Target-specific
interventions such as speech and work therapy are recommended. Additionally, family
participation is vital to reinforce the effectiveness of the selected programs.
4
The article by (Vasylieva et al., 2023) investigates the uniqueness of the foundation of
social and domestic orientation among children suffering from the autistic spectrum. While these
skills enable them to gain independence, social involvement, and autonomy, they are challenging
due to inefficient communication, interactions, and adaptability. According to the article, parents
and caregivers need to help children with autism develop communication, daily routine skills,
and self-care for independence. Incorporation of interventions such as positive support,
structured learning, and visual care would enhance skill development. The article addresses the
significance of patient support for the development of social and daily skills.
Conclusion
As a globally prevalent condition, with approximately 1 out of every 50 children
diagnosed with the condition, it is essential to understand and improve awareness for screening
and early diagnosis deeply. The literature review provided highlights the development
difficulties associated with autism spectrum disorder among children, adolescents, and young
adults. Sensory sensitivities are addressed as a significant influence during the transition stages,
hence affecting the anticipated outcomes in one’s life. Additionally, a strong foundation of the
child’s social and household coordination skills from a tender age promotes a sense of
independence in their life. Even though the perspectives of parents contribute more to the
efficient transition experience, they need to collaborate with other professional caregivers in the
planning of specific interventions to shape the children’s support system effectively.
Research Question Changes
According to the presented literature review, the research question will change to align
more with the findings and the themes addressed above. The question will address the influences
5
of sensory sensitivities, parental perspectives, and social and household abilities that affect
transitional development from adolescents and young adults with autism to adulthood. The
revised research queries will integrate the critical themes and outcomes recognized in all the
literature while providing a specific explanation of their roles in the complexities of the transition
process. Such directions will precisely address autism and promote the development of
supportive needs and interventions for adolescents and young adults. Additionally, the newly
developed question will focus on the existing literature and help fill the present gaps on the
research topic.
6
References
Bazyma, N., Mamicheva, O., Korhun, L., Krykunenko, Y., Rozina, I., & Dehtiarenko, T.
(2022). Creating the Correctional Environment for Personality Development of Children
with Autistic Disorders. BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and
Neuroscience, 13(1), 259–275. https://doi.org/10.18662/brain/13.1/281
Bazyma, N., Zalanovska, L., Brushnevska, I., Ivanenko, A., Shulzhenko, D., & Shvaliuk, T.
(2021). The Problem of Mental Development in Children with Autistic Disorders.
BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, 12(4), 297–313.
https://doi.org/10.18662/brain/12.4/251
Hantman, R.M., Johnston, E. B., Tager?Flusberg, H. (2022). Parental Perspectives: How Sensory
Sensitivities Impact the Transition to Adulthood in Adolescents and Young Adults with
Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Vasylieva, N., Drozd, L. (2023). Aspects of the Peculiarities of the Formation of Social and
Houshold Skills in Children with the Disorders of the Autistic Spectrum. BRAIN: Broad
Research in Artificial Intelligence & Neuroscience, Mar2023, Vol. 14 Issue, p319330, 12p. https://lumenpublishing.com/journals/index.php/brain/article/view/5933
1
Quantitative Research Study Critique
DeRon Shepherd
Walden University
SOCW 6301: Social Work Practice Research I
Dr. Janella Melius
April 14, 2024
2
Quantitative Research Study Critique
In this critique, the research study evaluated is “Treating postpartum depression in rural
veterans using internet-delivered CBT: The program evaluation of “MomMood Booster” by
Solness, C. L., Kroska, E. B., Holdefer, P. J., & O’Hara, M. W. (2021). The review will include
the study’s leading title and authors, literature review, research strategy, methodological
approach and design, threats to internal validity, and using the findings in social work in
practice. The study by Solness et al. (2021) introduces MomMoodBooster. This CBT-based
internet platform utilizes Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a treatment method for
postpartum depression (PPD) in rural veteran mothers. Therefore, the study shows the feasibility
of using MomMoodBooster as a viable way to treat PPD in rural and urban settings. However,
there was no significant difference in the participation pattern of the rural participants and the
urban mothers involved in the study in terms of the coaching aspect of the program.
Title and Authors
The title directly indicates the study’s central theme, which is to assess rural veterans impacted
by PTSD through online CBT. The authors, Solness, Kroska, Holdefer, and O’Hara, come from
and work at the University of Minnesota, where the study was conducted, which helps increase
the study’s credibility. The authors’ publications in mental health are among the foremost reasons
for considering their credibility on the subject matter relevant to the research.
Literature Review
The study by Solness et al. (2021) proposes a well-grounded background for
understanding the postpartum depression (PPD) experience by veterans, especially those who
live in rural areas. This highlights the increased risk of PPD in individuals, naming the
problematic problems, here, the separation from deployed husbands/wives and PTSD, of course
3
as explained by Hutchens and Kearney (2020). The publication provides statistics on rates of
PPD in the general population and vet communities, emphasizing that the instruments to help
them through these difficulties should be available and effective. In addition, it is mentioned that
web-based therapies are the future of treatment when it comes to overcoming the existing
treatment obstacles of limited access to specialty care and longer wait times. The article supports
current knowledge, in particular, by demonstrating the operational features of
MomMoodBooster, that is, internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy applied to rural women
veterans suffering from postpartum depression. The act of research provides a link between
online interventions for such a needy population and the availability of accessible and practical
mental health help, hence the spotlight on innovativeness when addressing mental health
challenges in rural settlements.
Strategy of Research
The main idea of the study shown by the program called MomMoodBooster by Solness et
al. (2021) is they used the explanatory design as they worked on checking the program’s
effectiveness in treating postpartum depression (PPD) among rural veteran women. This tactic
supports the emerging area of research on how best to evaluate whether the program meets the
needs of the population at large. In an experimental approach to the program design, an
explanatory model is presented to demonstrate how the MomMoodBooster program influences
the mental health issues of the military, and rural population suffering from PPD (Silva et al.,
2021). This method is revealed in the consistent measurement of the program’s influence, with
the help of quantitative indicators, assessments, and assessments of the impact and the benefits
for the targeted group. The descriptive approach adds to the findings’ information and
4
practicality, making them valid by establishing the feasibility and the utility of introducing IDB
into rural veteran communities as a tool for PPD.
Methodological Approach and Design
The study adopts a quantitative analytical technique, the randomized controlled trial
design, to establish the program’s effectiveness. The suggested methodology is rational and
pragmatic for the problem definition and addressing the listed research hypotheses. The
deployment validated through scales and statistics techniques adds an extra robustness feature to
the study. Nevertheless, more could be gained from an additional qualitative component to probe
cross-cultural coaching between rural and urban women.
Threats to Internal Validity
The authors have also incorporated methods to minimize internal threats in the IRT,
complete data analyses, and repeat measure ANOVA to compare the rural/urban groups over
time. Despite the preventive measures and the attempts to adjust the coaching protocol, the
probability of observing cultural differences between women in rural and urban areas may affect
the internal study’s validity. The conclusion is that cultural differences between the different
populations must be investigated in more detail to achieve better results for the program.
Application to Practice
These research findings are of paramount importance in the delivery of social work
services, especially for the practitioners who come into contact with rural veteran women
struggling with PPD. MomMoodBooster features an intervention that is flexible and easier to
reach. Thus, one can surpass barriers to treatment, such as low access to specialty care and long
wait times. Yet, the study brings about cultural diversity considerations toward coaching
engagement that must be addressed to enhance the program as the biggest motivator for rural
5
women. Social workers must be conscious of these culturally distinctive features and mold the
program to correspond with rural veteran women’s unique needs and preferences. As in this
study, the MomMoodBooster program emerges as a safe and proven social work intervention
with attention to potential cultural differences in coaching engagement for adoption in practice.
6
References
Hutchens, B. F., & Kearney, J. (2020). Risk factors for postpartum depression: an umbrella
review. Journal of midwifery & women’s health, 65(1), 96-108.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/jmwh.13067
Silva, R. S., Junior, R. A., Sampaio, V. S., Rodrigues, K. O., & Fronza, M. (2021). Postpartum
depression: a case-control study. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal
Medicine, 34(17), 2801-2806.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14767058.2019.1671335
Solness, C. L., Kroska, E. B., Holdefer, P. J., & O’Hara, M. W. (2021). Treating postpartum
depression in rural veterans using internet delivered CBT: program evaluation of
MomMoodBooster. Journal of behavioral medicine, 44(4), 454-466.
7