Prompt: What have your experiences told you about the differences in organizational life for white men and for women and people of color? If you are a white male, do you believe these differences are real and viable? If you are a woman or a person of color (or both), do you think your workplace experiences are influenced by your gender, culture, or ethnicity? How do factors such as disability and sexual orientation make a difference in organizational life? Chapter 12 Women and Minorities: Today’s Organizations ? Glass ceiling ? Mommy track ? Color discrimination ? Off-ramp ? Greater difficulty in getting a job ? On-ramp ? Greater difficulty in climbing the ladder ? Outsider within ? Lean in Stereotyping and Discrimination ? Often view women and people of color in biased ways ? Prejudice ? Discrimination ? Stereotypes ? Not always overt and simplistic ? Little evidence prejudice and discrimination are decreasing ? New forms are also emerging Relational Barriers in Organizational Support ? Limited access to or exclusion from communication networks ? Produces disadvantages ? Minority employee networks (affinity groups) ? Employees experience most success when develop differentiated network ? Women often have to develop interpersonal style that men are comfortable with Relational Barriers in Organizational Support ? Women breaking into executive positions rank having an influential mentor as crucial ? Would prefer to develop mentoring relationship with woman ? Often shortage ? Male-female mentoring relationship can be difficult Relational Barriers in Organizational Support ? Mentoring can be challenging for minority employees ? Successful membership could be achieved if openly discussed or suppressed depending on interaction style ? Tokenism Beyond Women and Minorities ? Others who are in some way ‘different’ ? Co-cultural groups ? Disabilities (ADA established in 1990 — amended in 2008) ? LGBT community (Employment NonDiscrimination Act) Beyond Women and Minorities ? GLBT ? Not wide-ranging legislation for GLBT employees ? Individual states — anti-discrimination laws ? Employment Non-Discrimination Act introduced in 1994 — still being discussed The Multicultural Organization ? Phases of workplace development ? First-generation affirmative action ? Second-generation affirmative action ? Multicultural organization Diverse Organization: Opportunities ? Cox and Blake — competitive advantages ? Business case for diversity ? Bottom line benefits ? High turnover may be spurred by stereotyping, absence of mentors, and high costs of recruiting and training ? Lack of common frame of reference may get in way Diverse Organization: Opportunities ? Increased creativity ? Enhanced problem-solving ? Need diversity mind-sets Diverse Organization: Opportunities ? Managing diverse groups poses communication challenges ? When first formed, diverse groups can be inferior ? Over time, groups develop both communicative strategies and wider range of alternatives Diverse Organization: Challenges ? Avoiding negative effects of diversity management programs ? Civil Rights Act of 1964 ? Affirmative action programs ? ADA ? ENDA ? Debates continue about the efficacy of these programs Diverse Organizations: Challenges ? ? ? ? ? ? Affirmative action programs have resulted in employment gains — but also problems Negative consequences for those trying to help For those who feel victimized Self-view of competence Stigmatization Feel unfairly bypassed Diverse Organizations: Challenges ? Heilman recommends use of merit criteria ? Unambiguous public information regarding qualifications ? Mentoring and networks Diverse Organizations: Challenges ? Balancing Work and Home ? Child care, Elder care, Self care ? Family-friendly programs Managing (Celebrating) Cultural Diversity ? Managing diversity ? Think not about business case but about celebration of diversity Managing (Celebrating) Cultural Diversity ? Spheres of activity ? Education programs ? Human resources system ? Organizational culture ? Mind-sets about diversity ? Programs that support workfamily health ? Programs that combat problems ? Life in diverse organization involves attitude and action Purchase answer to see full attachment Explanation & Answer: 250 words Tags: Diversity Issues discrimination and stereotyping Organizational Diversity Processes Student has agreed that all tutoring, explanations, and answers provided by the tutor will be used to help in the learning process and in accordance with our company’shonor code & terms of service.