__________ occurs when the parties disagree on an issue and
when its settlement will involve a loss for one party and a gain for the other.
Integrative
bargaining
Mutual-gains
bargaining
Distributive
bargaining
Attitudinal
structuring

Question 2. Question
:
Which of the following terms refers to the set of techniques
parties use to influence the terms of the ultimate settlement?
Negotiation
Brainstorming
Regulation
Positioning

Question 3. Question
:
Which of the following observations is true concerning
distributive bargaining?
It
occurs when employers and unions accommodate each others needs without cost.
It
frequently involves employers desires to improve flexibility and unions
desires for increased job security.
It
means some resource is in fixed supply, and one partys gain of that resource
is the other partys loss.
It
occurs when employers and unions accommodate each others needs through
simultaneous gains.

Question 4. Question
:
Which of the following is used when employers and unions
face a common problem?
Integrative
bargaining
Zero-sum
bargaining
Distributive
bargaining
Attitudinal
structuring

Question 5. Question
:
Many bargaining books are tied to __________ so that answers
to what if questions can be
quickly calculated.
annual
reports
benchmarks
spreadsheets
industry
averages

Question 6. Question
:
In which instance is the employers financial performance
known, thus helping the union to gauge the level of its economic demands?
Company
shares are publicly traded.
Company
is unlisted.
Company
is privately held.
Under
all situations.

Question 7. Question
:
Which of the following is a major purpose of a bargaining
convention?
To
announce the outcome of contract negotiations
To
raise grassroots issues for inclusion in the bargaining agenda
To
make the management publicly commit itself to certain concessions
To
create a face-saving exit strategy for the union leadership

Question 8. Question
:
In a __________, the union exerts pressure where the
employer might be vulnerable to support a collective bargaining objective.
sympathy
strike
corporate
campaign
lockout
bankruptcy

Question 9. Question
:
Which strike occurs when one union strikes to support
another unions strike?
Pressure
Wildcat
Sympathy
Loyalty

Question 10. Question
:
An initiative explores a companys business activity to
uncover possible regulatory violations, tries to identify closely linked
corporations, and analyzes its financial statements. The second phase involves
publicizing items detrimental to the employers interests that support the
unions demands. This initiative is an example of a(n) __________.
sympathy
strike
corporate
campaign
interest
arbitration
mediation

Question 11. Question
:
A(n) __________ employer is one involved in a dispute.
primary
neutral
secondary
external

Question 12. Question
:
Which of the following observations concerning multiple-use
site picketing is true?
It
is easiest to picket a primary employer without disrupting secondary
businesses.
The
struck employer has usually leased the site from another company that owns the
multiple-use site.
It
is easy to legally picket a multiple-use site.
The
Supreme Court has held that passive picketing to inform the public about a
dispute can interfere with other multiple-use sites.

Question 13. Question
:
Which of the following is the reason why employees can
seldom be disciplined in a slowdown?
They
comply with the contract and company work rules
They
refuse to follow procedures appropriately
They
are ready to work overtime to make up for slow work
They
take up tasks outside their job descriptions

Question 14. Question
:
A study tracking organizing success after passage of the
__________ found organized firms had about a 20 percent lower rate of return to
shareholders than firms remaining nonunion.
McCarran-Ferguson
Act
Wagner
Act
Railway
Labor Act
Taft-Hartley
Act

Question 15. Question
:
If a(n) __________ considers employee preferences as it is
expected to do, then benefit levels in nonunion employers should closely lead
those in unionized employers because they might be expected to react quickly to
changing needs associated with changing age and gender mixes in their
workforces.
unionized
organization
philosophy-laden
company
doctrinaire
organization
global
entity

Question 16. Question
:
While __________ have been found following unionization for
represented employees, this may not carry over to nonunion employees who also
received increased pay.
attendance
decreases
productivity
increases
share
price increases
a
decrease in golden handcuffs

Question 17. Question
:
Which of the following sectors secular relative growth rate
could be a primary contributor to the increased resistance of employers in
general to union organizing?
Agricultural
Service
Manufacturing
Medical

Question 18. Question
:
If unionization leads to lower shareholder returns, other
things being equal, top managers could be expected to try to __________ in
their firms, particularly if a substantial proportion of their compensation is
in the form of stock options.
increase
worker motivation
decrease
high absenteeism
reduce
unionization
introduce
stock split option

Question 19. Question
:
Relatively speaking, in __________ industries, unionized
worker quality is lower than that of their nonunion counterparts.
manufacturing
medical
agricultural
service

Question 20. Question
:
A philosophy-laden company has no unions, but the lack of
organizing is because of the organizations:
higher
than industry norms wages.
location
convenience.
work-life
balance initiatives.
employee
relations climate.

Question 21. Question
:
In the reciprocal employment relationship, employees may
come to feel that a(n) __________ exists between them and their employer.
implied
contract
increased
productivity output expectation
undercurrent
of threat
heightened
sense of goodwill

Question 22. Question
:
The organizational restructuring that began in the 1980s has
been increasingly __________.
hierarchy-oriented
team-oriented
employer-oriented
individual-oriented

Question 23. Question
:
Which of the following is associated with reduced
productivity gains?
Top
union leader participation
Technology
changes
Larger
proportion of women in the workforce
Subcontracting

Question 24. Question
:
The primary assumption behind the creation of AWLMCs is
that:
political
changes do not necessarily lead to the changing roles of managers and union
officials.
conflict
within the management team is the principal reason behind the closure of
otherwise profitable enterprises.
labor
and management representatives may pressure each other to identify sources of
problems and use cooperative methods to reduce conflict.
labor
and management representatives cannot reach a consensus without the imposition
of institutional regulations.

Question 25. Question
:
According to a study, __________ programs produced better
results than programs run only by management, which were not better than having
no program.
collaborative
cooperative
adversarial
not-for-profit

Question 26. Question
:
Which of the following has a negative effect on performance?
Extensive
collaboration between management and labor
Implementing
product differentiation
Acquiring
new nonunion plants
Deunionizing
activity in any existing plant.

Question 27. Question
:
Which of the following is true about companies that
implemented high-performance work organizations (HPWOs) during the early 1990s?
HPWO
practices lowered layoff rates.
There
was an overall increase in pay.
HPWO
practices increased job security.
There
was no net compensation gain for employees.

Question 28. Question
:
Arbitrators who hear cases involving grievances against
discipline for refusing to perform unsafe work tended to rule for an employee
__________.
even
if there was insubordination
if
the employee was disloyal
if
the employee reported the danger
if
the manager was not at fault

Question 29. Question
:
In the first step in the grievance procedure, an employee
who believes the company has violated the contract complains to the __________,
who may accept or assist in writing up a grievance.
local
negotiating committee
arbitrator
union
steward
industrial
relations representative

Question 30. Question
:
__________ grievances most often concern promotions,
layoffs, transfers, and shift assignments.
Discipline
Incentive
based
Working
condition
Personnel
assignment

Question 31. Question
:
Which of the following is true about the grievance
procedure?
In
grievance settlement procedures, the stewards are very familiar with the
contract, while the plant industrial relations representative is not.
In
routine cases, the company allows the IR representative to apply and create
precedents.
The
plant industrial relations representative is generally not aware of how
previous grievances have been settled.
If
a grievance has major precedent-setting implications or involves potentially
major costs but may have merit, the IR representative never denies it.

Question 32. Question
:
Hours grievances involve __________.
work
schedules
promotions
incentives
job
transfers

Question 33. Question
:
Satisfaction with outcomes of the grievance procedure was
negatively related to __________.
issue
importance
union
success rate
size
of the unit
resolution
rate

Question 34. Question
:
Which of the following is true about last chance agreements?
They
do not allow any scope for negotiation.
They
do not permit being unilaterally imposed by the employer.
They
are always excluded in an arbitrators decision at the final step.
They
save union resources on having to defend members who chronically violate rules.

Question 35. Question
:
In the context of evidentiary rules, which of the following
is true for cross-examination and confrontation?
Where
exposing the witnesss identity would damage either partys legitimate
interests, the witness cannot be questioned.
Depositions
and previous testimony should be admitted if a witness is unavailable.
Hearsay
is preferred over direct witness testimony.
The
arbitrators attempt to investigate is a genuine part of his/her professional
obligation.

Question 36. Question
:
Which of the following approaches to discipline uses rules
only as guidance and takes into account individual intentions?
ive
discipline
Authoritarian
approach
Punitive
discipline
Humanitarian
discipline

Question 37. Question
:
Which of the following situations consolidates the relevance
of an evidence?
If
the evidence is based on hearsay
If
the evidence addresses a separate issue than that which is pertinent
If
the evidence is based on unverifiable facts
If
the evidence is material

Question 38. Question
:
In discipline and discharge cases, requested relief is
usually for the __________.
dissolution
of previous work records
reinstatement
of a transfer
restoration
of employment
employment
of a family member

Question 39. Question
:
Which of the following facilitates the entry of new
arbitrators because relatively simple and straightforward cases are generally
handled in this way?
Expedited
arbitration
Mediation
Formal
arbitration
Expert
determination

Question 40. Question
:
With the exception of __________ cases, the union presents
its case first because it generally initiates grievances.
racial
and gender discrimination
poor
working conditions
unfair
labor practice
discipline
and discharge

Question 41. Question
:
Explain decertifications, their implications, and their
influence.

Question 42. Question
:
What are area-wide labor-management committees (AWLMCs)?
List their major activities. What is the primary assumption behind the creation
of AWLMCs?

Question 43. Question
:
Compare and contrast the effectiveness of the three methods
of third-party involvements.

Question 44. Question
:
What is a bargaining book?

__________ occurs when the parties disagree on an issue and
when its settlement will involve a loss for one party and a gain for the other. Integrative
bargaining Mutual-gains
bargaining Distributive
bargaining Attitudinal
structuring Question 2. Question
: Which of the following terms refers to the set of techniques
parties use to influence the terms of the ultimate settlement? Negotiation Brainstorming Regulation Positioning Question 3. Question
: Which of the following observations is true concerning
distributive bargaining? It
occurs when employers and unions accommodate each others needs without cost. It
frequently involves employers desires to improve flexibility and unions
desires for increased job security. It
means some resource is in fixed supply, and one partys gain of that resource
is the other partys loss. It
occurs when employers and unions accommodate each others needs through
simultaneous gains. Question 4. Question
: Which of the following is used when employers and unions
face a common problem? Integrative
bargaining Zero-sum
bargaining Distributive
bargaining Attitudinal
structuring Question 5. Question
: Many bargaining books are tied to __________ so that answers
to what if questions can bequickly calculated. annual
reports benchmarks spreadsheets industry
averages Question 6. Question
: In which instance is the employers financial performance
known, thus helping the union to gauge the level of its economic demands? Company
shares are publicly traded. Company
is unlisted. Company
is privately held. Under
all situations. Question 7. Question
: Which of the following is a major purpose of a bargaining
convention? To
announce the outcome of contract negotiations To
raise grassroots issues for inclusion in the bargaining agenda To
make the management publicly commit itself to certain concessions To
create a face-saving exit strategy for the union leadership Question 8. Question
: In a __________, the union exerts pressure where the
employer might be vulnerable to support a collective bargaining objective. sympathy
strike corporate
campaign lockout bankruptcy Question 9. Question
: Which strike occurs when one union strikes to support
another unions strike? Pressure Wildcat Sympathy Loyalty Question 10. Question
: An initiative explores a companys business activity to
uncover possible regulatory violations, tries to identify closely linked
corporations, and analyzes its financial statements. The second phase involves
publicizing items detrimental to the employers interests that support the
unions demands. This initiative is an example of a(n) __________. sympathy
strike corporate
campaign interest
arbitration mediation Question 11. Question
: A(n) __________ employer is one involved in a dispute. primary neutral secondary external Question 12. Question
: Which of the following observations concerning multiple-use
site picketing is true? It
is easiest to picket a primary employer without disrupting secondary
businesses. The
struck employer has usually leased the site from another company that owns the
multiple-use site. It
is easy to legally picket a multiple-use site. The
Supreme Court has held that passive picketing to inform the public about a
dispute can interfere with other multiple-use sites. Question 13. Question
: Which of the following is the reason why employees can
seldom be disciplined in a slowdown? They
comply with the contract and company work rules They
refuse to follow procedures appropriately They
are ready to work overtime to make up for slow work They
take up tasks outside their job descriptions Question 14. Question
: A study tracking organizing success after passage of the
__________ found organized firms had about a 20 percent lower rate of return to
shareholders than firms remaining nonunion. McCarran-Ferguson
Act Wagner
Act Railway
Labor Act Taft-Hartley
Act Question 15. Question
: If a(n) __________ considers employee preferences as it is
expected to do, then benefit levels in nonunion employers should closely lead
those in unionized employers because they might be expected to react quickly to
changing needs associated with changing age and gender mixes in their
workforces. unionized
organization philosophy-laden
company doctrinaire
organization global
entity Question 16. Question
: While __________ have been found following unionization for
represented employees, this may not carry over to nonunion employees who also
received increased pay. attendance
decreases productivity
increases share
price increases a
decrease in golden handcuffs Question 17. Question
: Which of the following sectors secular relative growth rate
could be a primary contributor to the increased resistance of employers in
general to union organizing? Agricultural Service Manufacturing Medical Question 18. Question
: If unionization leads to lower shareholder returns, other
things being equal, top managers could be expected to try to __________ in
their firms, particularly if a substantial proportion of their compensation is
in the form of stock options. increase
worker motivation decrease
high absenteeism reduce
unionization introduce
stock split option Question 19. Question
: Relatively speaking, in __________ industries, unionized
worker quality is lower than that of their nonunion counterparts. manufacturing medical agricultural service Question 20. Question
: A philosophy-laden company has no unions, but the lack of
organizing is because of the organizations: higher
than industry norms wages. location
convenience. work-life
balance initiatives. employee
relations climate. Question 21. Question
: In the reciprocal employment relationship, employees may
come to feel that a(n) __________ exists between them and their employer. implied
contract increased
productivity output expectation undercurrent
of threat heightened
sense of goodwill Question 22. Question
: The organizational restructuring that began in the 1980s has
been increasingly __________. hierarchy-oriented team-oriented employer-oriented individual-oriented Question 23. Question
: Which of the following is associated with reduced
productivity gains? Top
union leader participation Technology
changes Larger
proportion of women in the workforce Subcontracting Question 24. Question
: The primary assumption behind the creation of AWLMCs is
that: political
changes do not necessarily lead to the changing roles of managers and union
officials. conflict
within the management team is the principal reason behind the closure of
otherwise profitable enterprises. labor
and management representatives may pressure each other to identify sources of
problems and use cooperative methods to reduce conflict. labor
and management representatives cannot reach a consensus without the imposition
of institutional regulations. Question 25. Question
: According to a study, __________ programs produced better
results than programs run only by management, which were not better than having
no program. collaborative cooperative adversarial not-for-profit Question 26. Question
: Which of the following has a negative effect on performance? Extensive
collaboration between management and labor Implementing
product differentiation Acquiring
new nonunion plants Deunionizing
activity in any existing plant. Question 27. Question
: Which of the following is true about companies that
implemented high-performance work organizations (HPWOs) during the early 1990s? HPWO
practices lowered layoff rates. There
was an overall increase in pay. HPWO
practices increased job security. There
was no net compensation gain for employees. Question 28. Question
: Arbitrators who hear cases involving grievances against
discipline for refusing to perform unsafe work tended to rule for an employee
__________. even
if there was insubordination if
the employee was disloyal if
the employee reported the danger if
the manager was not at fault Question 29. Question
: In the first step in the grievance procedure, an employee
who believes the company has violated the contract complains to the __________,
who may accept or assist in writing up a grievance. local
negotiating committee arbitrator union
steward industrial
relations representative Question 30. Question
: __________ grievances most often concern promotions,
layoffs, transfers, and shift assignments. Discipline Incentive
based Working
condition Personnel
assignment Question 31. Question
: Which of the following is true about the grievance
procedure? In
grievance settlement procedures, the stewards are very familiar with the
contract, while the plant industrial relations representative is not. In
routine cases, the company allows the IR representative to apply and create
precedents. The
plant industrial relations representative is generally not aware of how
previous grievances have been settled. If
a grievance has major precedent-setting implications or involves potentially
major costs but may have merit, the IR representative never denies it. Question 32. Question
: Hours grievances involve __________. work
schedules promotions incentives job
transfers Question 33. Question
: Satisfaction with outcomes of the grievance procedure was
negatively related to __________. issue
importance union
success rate size
of the unit resolution
rate Question 34. Question
: Which of the following is true about last chance agreements? They
do not allow any scope for negotiation. They
do not permit being unilaterally imposed by the employer. They
are always excluded in an arbitrators decision at the final step. They
save union resources on having to defend members who chronically violate rules. Question 35. Question
: In the context of evidentiary rules, which of the following
is true for cross-examination and confrontation? Where
exposing the witnesss identity would damage either partys legitimate
interests, the witness cannot be questioned. Depositions
and previous testimony should be admitted if a witness is unavailable. Hearsay
is preferred over direct witness testimony. The
arbitrators attempt to investigate is a genuine part of his/her professional
obligation. Question 36. Question
: Which of the following approaches to discipline uses rules
only as guidance and takes into account individual intentions? ive
discipline Authoritarian
approach Punitive
discipline Humanitarian
discipline Question 37. Question
: Which of the following situations consolidates the relevance
of an evidence? If
the evidence is based on hearsay If
the evidence addresses a separate issue than that which is pertinent If
the evidence is based on unverifiable facts If
the evidence is material Question 38. Question
: In discipline and discharge cases, requested relief is
usually for the __________. dissolution
of previous work records reinstatement
of a transfer restoration
of employment employment
of a family member Question 39. Question
: Which of the following facilitates the entry of new
arbitrators because relatively simple and straightforward cases are generally
handled in this way? Expedited
arbitration Mediation Formal
arbitration Expert
determination Question 40. Question
: With the exception of __________ cases, the union presents
its case first because it generally initiates grievances. racial
and gender discrimination poor
working conditions unfair
labor practice discipline
and discharge Question 41. Question
: Explain decertifications, their implications, and their
influence. Question 42. Question
: What are area-wide labor-management committees (AWLMCs)?
List their major activities. What is the primary assumption behind the creation
of AWLMCs? Question 43. Question
: Compare and contrast the effectiveness of the three methods
of third-party involvements. Question 44. Question
: What is a bargaining book?