1. Introduction (around 400 words): Use the introduction to set out the focus,
aim(s) of discussion and intended scholarly contribution. Let the reader know
which policy you have chosen, and why you have chosen it. What makes this
policy important, in other words? What is the multi-faceted – political,
economic, social and cultural – context in which the enactment and
implementation of this policy have taken place? What do you intend to do with
it? Describe it and analyse it? In terms of analysis, what approach will you
adopt? A conceptual framework, like Jack Lee’s (2014) five-element
framework, or will you analyse more broadly, through the selection,
demarcation of and critical engagement with particular themes related to the
policy? Moreover, what is your main argument? What do you want to say, in
the final analysis?
2. Main body (around 1200 words): This should ideally be the longest part of
your essay. Divide it into sections, but not too many. In this part, the task is to
review and critique the policy text/document you have chosen. In terms of
review, let the reader know such things as, for instance, what it is precisely
about, how it has been introduced and justified, what it covers, who it
concerns/targets, how it has been implemented, what advantages and/or
setbacks were involved and what implications it had (Be creative and original
in how you describe the policy. Do not regurgitate – merely copy-paste
sections of the policy into the essay.) In terms of critique, show your ability to
be critically reflective. Using both your own insights and insights from the
literature (secondary sources), present and discuss arguments/claims
regarding, for instance, where the policy has been successful (and why),
where it has failed or, potentially, is still failing (and why), what needs to be
done (and how) and, perhaps, what sort of macro/micro changes need to be in
place to enhance implementation. Also, you may want to address issues/raise
questions regarding social equality and social justice.
3. Conclusion (about 400 words): Use the conclusion to summarise main
points and draw implications for future education policymaking and practice
(in schools and/or universities, and perhaps more broadly). Make sure it is
valid, in the sense of consistent with the line of arguments/claims presented
in the main body and introduction (Here, you may want to suggest directions
and/or recommendations for future research on policy, but these have to be
relevant to the discussion.) Overall, it is vital that your essay reads as a
sensible, coherently produced whole.